World Alzheimer’s Day 2024

Every year on September 21st, we observe World Alzheimer’s Day. This day is dedicated to raising awareness about Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia, advocating for change, and celebrating advances in research.

Dementia is an umbrella term describing neurodegenerative diseases that lead to cognitive and functional decline. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. While it primarily affects people aged 65 and older, young-onset Alzheimer's disease can also impact younger individuals.

In Singapore where the aging population is growing rapidly, Alzheimer's disease is a significant public health issue. According to the Well-being of the Singapore Elderly (WiSE) study led by the Institute of Mental Health in 2015, 1 in 10 people aged 60 and above may have dementia[1].

Symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease

Understanding the symptoms and causes of Alzheimer's disease is crucial for early detection and intervention. While there is currently no cure, early diagnosis can lead to better management of the symptoms and improved quality of life for those affected.

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that leads to cognitive decline, behavioural and psychological changes that causes difficulties in daily functioning and independence.

Early symptoms often include memory loss, such as forgetting recent conversations or dates. As the disease progresses, individuals may experience difficulty completing familiar tasks, confusion about time and place, and trouble with language. Behavioural changes, such as mood swings, increased irritability, and social withdrawal, are also common. Over time, physical and functional abilities decline, leading to challenges in performing daily activities like dressing, bathing, and eating.

Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms suggestive of dementia, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and diagnosis. You may consult your family doctor or clinic for an initial assessment, after which your doctor may refer you to a specialist (geriatrician, psychiatrist, neurologist) for further evaluation.

For those having difficulties adjusting to a diagnosis, it is advisable to seek support from mental health professionals.

Support Systems

Caring for someone with Alzheimer's can be challenging, both emotionally and physically. In Singapore, numerous support systems are available to assist caregivers and families:

1. Caregiver support groups: These groups provide a platform for caregivers to share experiences, seek advice, and receive emotional support.

2. Respite care services: Temporary relief for caregivers, allowing them to rest and recharge.

3. Dementia-friendly communities: Initiatives aimed at creating inclusive environments where people with dementia can feel safe and supported.

Conclusion

As we come together to observe World Alzheimer’s Day, we hope to pave the way for a brighter, dementia-friendly future in Singapore where individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers feel understood, supported, and hopeful for the future.

Here are some resources

·      Dementia Singapore (www.dementia.org.sg)

·      Dementia Helpline (6377 0700)

·      DementiaHub.SG (www.dementiahub.sg)

·      Memory Care app in Singhealth’s Health Buddy mobile application

·      Forget Us Not guidebook: http://forgetusnot.sg/assets/images/resources/downloads/LIEN_Dementia_Handbook.pdf

[1] Subramaniam, M., Chong, S. A., Vaingankar, J. A., Abdin, E., Chua, B. Y., Chua, H. C., ... & Prince, M. (2015). Prevalence of dementia in people aged 60 years and above: results from the WiSE study. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 45(4), 1127-1138.